A Deep Dive into Mycelium
Mycelium, the root-like structure of fungi, is essentially the digestive system for mushrooms. It scouts for nutrients, breaks them down into a digestible form for the fungus, and consequently nourishes the fungus. The byproduct of this process enriches the surrounding soil, offering essential nutrients to other plants and forming a nutrient-rich biomass suitable for gardening mulch.
Mycelium networks, besides playing a significant role in mushroom growth, are crucial for the health and growth of many earthbound plants, including trees. For example, tree roots establish a mutualistic relationship with fungi: the tree supplies the fungus with carbon in sugar form, and the fungus reciprocates by providing the tree with essential minerals like nitrogen and phosphorus. You can learn more about this symbiosis here.
Fascinatingly, mycelium networks function as an underground communication system among plants, akin to the neural networks in our brains. Current scientific studies propose that plants and trees may have rudimentary nervous systems that fungi could potentially manipulate, influencing processes like communication, memory, and learning. Furthermore, by decomposing decaying organic matter and neutralizing any pollutants, mycelium enhances soil health.
If you’re keen to cultivate magic mushrooms, understanding mycelium development is key. Although the cultivation process can be daunting for novices, acquiring knowledge about mycelium is an essential starting point. While purchasing mushrooms from Magic Mushroom Dispensary Canada online is always available, understanding mycelium could enrich your cultivation journey.
Mycelium Growth Process
When fungal spores find a growth-friendly environment, they begin developing two types of mycelium. The first type, referred to as primary or monokaryotic mycelium, is distinguished by the existence of a single nucleus in each cell and is typically not visible to the naked eye. The second type, known as secondary or dikaryotic mycelium, is visible and carries two nuclei within each cell.
When fungal spores sprout, they form the primary mycelium known as the monokaryotic mycelium. If this mycelium comes into contact with another compatible monokaryotic mycelium, they can fuse together, transitioning to the secondary stage referred to as the dikaryotic mycelium. This dikaryotic mycelium is capable of producing structures such as mushrooms or sclerotia.
The Types of Mycelia
The three main types of mycelia are rhizomorphic, tomentose, and aerial mycelia. The first two types signify successful cultivation.
- Rhizomorphic mycelia resemble strings and are formed by units called hyphae. The network of grouped hyphae is known as rhizomorphs. Initially, rhizomorphic mycelia spread out, then send back chemical signals to the colony, indicating that the area ahead is suitable for nutrient intake. The rest of the mycelia then follow. At the tip of the rhizomorphic mycelia, the hyphae release a substance called peroxidase, which breaks down the material in front for food. The hyphae then spread over the material, ensuring nutrient distribution throughout the colony. This type of mycelia is preferred by many cultivators because of their higher potential to produce mushrooms as they sprout from the substrate.
- Tomentose or “Fluffy” mycelia, are quite similar to Rhizomorphic mycelia, but they display a unique arrangement of strands. Though not immediately evident, these strands exist and cluster together, giving the mycelia a cotton-ball-like appearance. The growth of tomentose or rhizomorphic mycelia largely depends on the cultivation environment. It’s an ongoing debate among cultivators whether the type of mycelia affects the rate of growth or the yield.
- Aerial mycelia develop under less-than-ideal growing conditions. Instead of spreading across the medium or forming a ball, these mycelia grow outward. Often misidentified as bacterial infection, aerial mycelia can negatively affect mushroom cultivation, resulting in smaller, weaker mushrooms. Aerial mycelia usually occur due to inadequate fresh air exchange and excessive humidity.
Is it Mould or Mycelium?
It’s crucial to distinguish between mould and mycelium. If you notice green, blue, grey, or black patches on or inside your fruiting box, it’s likely that your culture is contaminated. Discoloration is the main sign. However, don’t be alarmed if you see blue spots as they could simply be bruises.
Cobweb moulds are typically quite evident. Unlike the bright The white part of Mycelium usually displays a grey tint and a fluffy, fibrous texture. While cobweb and green molds aren’t harmful to humans, they can adversely impact the health of your mushrooms.
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